CH-CHA, Chamau
Contents
Site Description
Intensively managed grassland, 393 m asl, located in a pre-alpine valley bottom. The area and the adjacent farm are part of the Agricultural Education and Counseling Center Schluechthof. Eddy covariance flux measurements were started in July 2005 (tower coordinates: 47°12’36.8″ N and 8°24’37.6″ E (Google Maps); WGS84 47.210222, 8.410444; at 393 m asl).
Location
- Altitude: 393 m a.s.l.
- Site name: Chamau, Kt. Zug, Switzerland
- Land cover (IGBP land classification): Grassland
- Land use: Intensive management with six cuts per year (mainly for silage).
- Coordinates: 47°12’36.8″ N / 8°24’37.6″ E (47.210222, 8.410444) (Google Maps)
- Location description: Chamau is located in a lowland broad river valley of the Reuss River.
- FLUXNET ID: CH-Cha (link)
Climate
Air Temperature
Numbers shown are for the time period 2006-2020.
- Average air temperature: 9.9°C
- Average air temperature 2006-2013: 9.5°C
- Average air temperature 2014-2020: 10.3°C (+0.8°C compared to 2006-2013)
- 5 warmest years: 2018 (11.0°C), 2020 (10.6°C), 2019 (10.3°C), 2014 (10.2°C), 2015 (10.2°C)
- 5 coolest years: 2010 (8.7°C), 2013 (8.9°C), 2012 (9.5°C), 2006 (9.5°C), 2008 (9.5°C)
Climate chart
Climate chart after Walter and Lieth (1967) for Chamau for the years 2005 to 2020. Mean monthly temperature (red line) and mean monthly precipitation sum (blue line) are shown. Blue vertically hatched area shows the humid period of the year, blue filled area indicates months with precipitation greater than 100 mm (axis scale changes > 100 mm). Average annual temperature and average annual precipitation sum are listed in black at the top. Maximum measured temperature (from half-hourly values), mean daily maximum temperature of the warmest month (July), mean annual temperature amplitude, mean daily minimum temperature of the coldest month (January) and minimum measured temperature are listed as black numbers on the left. Petrol shaded areas on the x axis indicate the months where the mean daily minimum temperature is lower than 0 °C, and petrol hatched areas the months with absolute minimum temperature of 0 °C (frost possible). The number in the middle of the x axis states the mean duration of consecutive frost-free days (when temperature does not drop below 0). Source: Feigenwinter et al. (2023)
Precipitation
- Average annual precipitation sum: 1134mm (2005-2020)
Nearby meteo stations
- Meteoswiss: Cham (Google Maps) Data since: 1 Jul 1993 | 443 m a.s.l. | in 5 km distance
- Meteoswiss: Oberägeri (Google Maps) Data since: 1 Feb 1993 | 724 m a.s.l. | in 17 km distance
- Meteoswiss: Wädemswil (Google Maps) Data since: 1 Jan 1961 | 485 m a.s.l. | in 20 km distance
- Meteoswiss: Zwillikon (Google Maps) Data since: 1 May 1984 | 461 m a.s.l. | in 9 km distance
Vegetation
- Dominant vegetation: mixture of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) and white clover (Trifolium repens L.), predominantly used for fodder production and occasional winter grazing by sheep. 1,2
Soil
- Geology: The area is located on tertiary molasse. The Reuss-valley is filled with postglacial retreating rubble of the Reuss glacier.
- Soil type: Cambisol/Gleysol
- Soil pH: 5.3 in the top 10 cm of the soil 4
- Soil texture:
Management
- Detailed management info: CH-CHA-Management_2005-2020_v20220124 [zipped XLSX, 2005-2020]
- See also this table for management 2001-2016: Management (CH-CHA)
- Intensively managed grassland with recurrent of sporadic activities.
- Regular mowing and subsequent organic fertilizer application in the form of liquid slurry (up to seven times per year).
- Occasional grazing by sheep and cattle for a few days in early spring and/or fall.
- Sporadic activities aiming at maintaining the typical fodder species composition comprise reseeding, herbicide and pesticide application, or irregular plowing and harrowing on an approximately decadal timescale.
- For more info see references 1,2,3,4.
Data
Current Flux Products
Available Level-1 Fluxes
- For info about the different flux levels, see Flux Processing Chain
Eddy covariance raw data files
- Overview of eddy covariance raw data files since 2005: EC Raw Binary Format (CH-CHA)
Photos
Webcam
Most recent images
Grassland Floor 4 (GF4)
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Grassland Floor 5 (GF5)
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Last 10 days (GIF)
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Fieldbook
News
Short Report – QA/QC Meeting 16 Nov 2023
New photos added
Short Report – QA/QC Meeting 21 Sep 2023
References
1 Zeeman, M. J., Hiller, R., Gilgen, A. K., Michna, P., Plüss, P., Buchmann, N., & Eugster, W. (2010). Management and climate impacts on net CO2 fluxes and carbon budgets of three grasslands along an elevational gradient in Switzerland. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 150(4), 519–530. doi: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2010.01.011
2 Merbold, L., Decock, C., Eugster, W., Fuchs, K., Wolf, B., Buchmann, N., & Hörtnagl, L. (2021). Are there memory effects on greenhouse gas emissions (CO2, N2O and CH4) following grassland restoration? Biogeosciences, 18(4), 1481–1498. doi: 10.5194/bg-18-1481-2021
3 Merbold, L., Eugster, W., Stieger, J., Zahniser, M., Nelson, D., & Buchmann, N. (2014). Greenhouse gas budget (CO2 , CH4 and N2O) of intensively managed grassland following restoration. Global Change Biology, 20(6), 1913–1928. doi: 10.1111/gcb.12518
4 Feigenwinter, I., Hörtnagl, L., Zeeman, M. J., Eugster, W., Fuchs, K., Merbold, L., & Buchmann, N. (2023). Large inter-annual variation in carbon sink strength of a permanent grassland over 16 years: Impacts of management practices and climate. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 340, 109613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109613
More Info
Last Updated on 5 Oct 2023 22:00